Enabling Technologies for Cell-Free DNA

Assays and technologies for circulating cell-free DNA analysis continue to improve and advance, but there is still much to do before these can be used for routine clinical use. Cambridge Healthtech Institute’s Fourth Annual Enabling Technologies for Cell-Free DNA conference will examine the latest advances in cfDNA technologies and the path towards clinical use. This year’s program will focus on pre-analytical challenges, from sample prep to detection, extraction, and isolation. We will also examine other types of circulating material, such as RNA, as well as methylation. Working with different sample types will also be addressed.

Final Agenda


Recommended Short Course*

SC3: Liquid Biopsy for P4 Medicine: Predictive, Preventive, Personalized and Participatory [View Detailed Agenda]

Lorena Diéguez, PhD, Staff Researcher, Diagnostic Tools and Methods Research Group, Life Sciences, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Portugal

Clotilde Costa Nogueira, PhD, Head, Liquid Biopsy Line, Roche-Chus Joint Unit, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain

P4 Medicine is Predictive, Preventive, Personalized and Participatory. The P4 medicine concept is fully realised in the context of Liquid Biopsy, since the patient’s blood is used as a biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of the disease status. Therefore, Liquid Biopsy provides the ideal scheme to personalize the treatment in precision medicine. P4 medicine will permit to identify predictive and preventive biomarkers and genomic mapping, adapting treatments to each patient, and having the patients engaged for a successful outcome.


*Separate Registration required.

WEDNESDAY, 23 MAY

plenary session

11:35 Plenary Introduction

John_CarranoJohn Carrano, CEO, Paratus Diagnostics, LLC, United States


11:45-12:15 The New EU IVD Regulation – What Will It Mean for Your Lab?

David_BartonDavid E. Barton, PhD, Chief Molecular Geneticist, National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick Children, Ireland

In May 2017, Europe passed a new Regulation on in vitro Diagnostic Devices (IVDs). The regulation sets up a framework for controlling the market for diagnostic tests within the EU, setting out standards for the design and manufacture of in-vitro diagnostic devices (IVDs) and providing mechanisms for the oversight of these standards. This presentation will outline the content of the new regulations, with a particular focus on molecular diagnostics, and highlight the new requirements for clinical laboratories.

12:15-12:25 Introduction: Medicinal Product Regulators Point of View: Scientific-Regulatory Aspects of Companion Diagnostics and Challenges for Validation during Clinical Co-Development (Quality-Related Aspects)

Jorg_EngelbergsJörg Engelbergs, PhD, Scientific Expert and Assessor Biomedicines (Quality, Non-Clinic & Personalized Medicine), Section Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Germany

In Europe, the legislation for marketing of medicinal products (MP) and IVDs including predictive biomarker-based assays (Companion Diagnostics, CDx) are not directly linked which is challenging for co-development. The new IVDD involves MP regulators in the CDx review process for CE marking. This presentation will outline from the perspective of MP regulators the scientific-regulatory challenges for technical validation of CDx. Differences between exploratory assays and assays used for patient stratification, as well as aspects for complex assays will be addressed.

12:25-13:30 PANEL DISCUSSION: Changing Landscape for IVDs in the EU

Moderator:
Charlotte_RyckmanCharlotte Ryckman, Covington & Burling LLP, Belgium


Panelists:
David_BartonDavid E. Barton, PhD, Chief Molecular Geneticist, National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick Children, Ireland


Jorg_EngelbergsJörg Engelbergs, PhD, Section Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies, Scientific Expert Biomedicines, Quality, Non-Clinic & Personalized Medicine (Biomarker/CDx), Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Germany


Maria_NevesMaria Judite Neves, Health Products Director, Health Products Directorate, INFARMED – National Authority of Medicines and Health Products, Portugal


Sue_SpencerSue Spencer, Global Service Director, Regulatory, UL, United Kingdom


Andreas_StangeAndreas F. Stange, PhD, Vice President, MHS Global IVD, TÜV SÜD, Germany


Doris-Ann_WilliamsDoris-Ann Williams, MBE, Chief Executive, British In Vitro Diagnostics Association (BIVDA), United Kingdom

  • Practical impact of the new IVD Regulation
  • Regulatory aspects of companion diagnostics
  • Challenges for validation
  • Role of IVDs in the market

NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES FOR CELL-FREE DNA ANALYSIS

14:30 Chairperson’s Remarks

Christa Noehammer, PhD, Senior Scientist, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Austria

 

14:35 KEYNOTE PRESENTATION: Multi-Step Real-Time PCR Coupled with HRM Enables Rapid Mutation and MSI Assessment Prior to Targeted Re-Sequencing

G. Mike Makrigiorgos, PhD, Professor, Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber and Harvard Medical School, United States

Targeted re-sequencing often entails discrete amplification and ligation steps during sample preparation that increase both cost and time to results. We provide novel forms of real time PCR that reduce the effort for sample preparation while also providing rapid assessment of mutation status prior to targeted re-sequencing. The new method incorporates implementation of mutation enrichment via COLD-PCR or NaME-PrO together with high resolution melting. Application in detecting mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) using circulating DNA from clinical cancer samples will be presented.

15:05 Identification of Rare Mutations and DNA Methylation Patterns in Cell-Free DNA Using Multiplexed Enhanced-ice-COLD-PCR

Jorg_TostJorg Tost, PhD, Director, Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Genotypage, CEA – Institut de Génomique, France

We have developed a modified version of the ice-COLD-PCR assay called Enhanced-ice-COLD-PCR for KRAS, BRAF and NRAS mutation detection and identification, which allows the enrichment of the most frequent mutations and requires only a small amount of starting material (frozen, FFPE or plasma) permitting the sensitive detection and multiplexed sequence identification of mutations within three hours. We have recently extended the applications to the analysis of methylated molecules in primary tumors and ccfDNA. Enhanced-ice-COLD-PCR has been applied to different collections of cancer samples.

15:35 Use of Digital PCR and Optimized NGS for Cell-Free Tumour DNA Analysis

Valerie_TalyValerie Taly, PhD, Group Leader, CNRS Researcher, UMR S1147, University of Paris Descartes, CNRS, France

We will present several strategies based on digital PCR and/or optimized NGS that permit highly sensitive and precise detection of circulating tumor DNA for the follow up of cancer patients. Interests and potential complementarity of these technologies will be presented through different examples.


16:05 Refreshment Break in the Exhibit Hall with Poster Viewing

17:05 Building a Liquid Biopsy Platform for Cancers with a Low Burden in Plasma

Milana_Frenkel-MorgensternMilana Frenkel-Morgenstern, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Medicine in Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Israel

Non-invasive diagnostics of highly mutated cancers will advance the cancer monitoring and prognosis. We aim to build a novel liquid biopsy platform for the cases with a low burden in plasma using a sensitive whole genome, whole methylome and epigenetics analyses. Our methodology enables the discovery of unique biomarkers at a single molecule level for personalized therapy approaches.

PRE-ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES: DETECTION, EXTRACTION, ISOLATION, CHARACTERISATION

17:35 Pre-Analytical Standardization for Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles

An_HendrixAn Hendrix, PhD, Professor, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium

An Hendrix will discuss the impact of pre-analytical factors and isolation methods on the identification of extracellular vesicle-associated biomarkers in liquid biopsies. She will present the development and implementation of reference materials for extracellular vesicles and how this can help to compare and normalize results.


18:05 Breakout Discussions

Standardisation Challenges in cfDNA Analysis

Alison Devonshire, PhD, Science Leader, Molecular and Cell Biology, LGC Ltd., United Kingdom

 

  • What are the best approaches for controlling for cfDNA isolation and quantifying total cfDNA?
  • How can QC and reference materials help to compare and standardise results from different liquid biopsy tests?
  • What are the challenges of single vs multi-gene based diagnostics in terms of regulatory approval and clinical translation?

 

Circulating DNA vs. RNA: Technological Challenges

Jo Vandesompele, PhD, Professor, Functional Cancer Genomics and Applied Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Belgium

 

  • What are the challenges associated with analysis of cfDNA vs. RNA?
  • What pre-analytical steps need to be taken to ensure proper analysis of particular circulating biomarkers?
  • What are the next circulating biomarkers the field will examine, and what challenges do you foresee?

 

19:05 Close of Day

THURSDAY, 24 May

PRE-ANALYTICAL CHALLENGES: DETECTION, EXTRACTION, ISOLATION, CHARACTERISATION (CONT.)

08:30 Registration and Morning Coffee

09:00 Chairperson’s Remarks

Rikke Fredslund Andersen, PhD, Molecular Biologist, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Denmark

09:05 Pan-Cancer Characterization and Exploitation of Plasma DNA Fragmentation with Genome-Wide Sequencing

Florent Mouliere, PhD, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom

The sensitivity for detecting the presence of genomic changes in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is limited by its low concentration in plasma. Here I will present new approaches tailoring sequencing to the biological properties of ctDNA. Notably, we studied the feasibility for enrichment of ctDNA by physical and in silico size selection in plasma samples collected in 51 patients from multiple cancer types. Size selection of DNA fragments between 90-150 bp yielded enrichment up to 118-fold, unlocking untargeted genome-wide sequencing for liquid biopsy.

09:35 Isolation and Quantification of Cell-Free DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Alison_DevonshireAlison Devonshire, PhD, Science Leader, Molecular and Cell Biology, LGC Ltd., United Kingdom

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a medium containing biomarkers of traumatic injuries, neurodegenerative disorders and brain malignancies. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is another potential CSF biomarker for such pathologies, yet standardized isolation and quantification methods remain to be defined. We evaluate methods for cfDNA extraction from CSF and quantify nuclear and mitochondrial genomic targets in cases of Alzheimer’s disease, primary or secondary brain cancer and controls.

10:05 Enabling Confidence in Liquid Biopsy Testing using Patient-Like Reference Materials

Sandi_DeansSandi Deans, PhD, Director, Genomics Quality Assessment (GenQA), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

The testing of ctDNA (liquid biopsy) is rapidly being implemented into clinical practice as a surrogate for solid tumor biopsies. This presentation will discuss the use of patient-like reference materials to drive accurate patient testing and subsequent drug treatment decisions based on the presence of pathogenic EGFR gene variants.


 10:20 The PlexBio Molecular Diagnostic System in the Characterization and Management of Oncogene-Addicted NSCLC Patients

Nicla Borrelli, PhD, Researcher, Pathology, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy

10:35 Coffee Break in the Exhibit Hall. Last Chance for Poster Viewing

11:20 Preanalytical Blood Sample Workup for Cell-Free DNA Analysis Using Droplet Digital PCR for Molecular Diagnostics

Manon_HuibersManon M. H. Huibers, PhD, Clinical Scientist in Molecular Pathology, Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands

Pitfalls in pre-analytical steps for liquid biopsy material handling will be presented including different methods and protocols for sample collection, storage, centrifugation, isolation, and quantification of cfDNA. Examples will be given using liquid biopsy sample input from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and eye fluid. All these liquid biopsy samples could be used in different diagnostic fields, which will be addressed in this presentation.

11:50 Results of an External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQA) for Isolation and Analysis of Circulating Tumour DNA (ctDNA)

Verena_HaselmannVerena Haselmann, MD, Physician, Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Germany

In these pilot EQA schemes for analysis of ctDNA, 42 European laboratories participated and reported the methods used for isolation and quantification of cfDNA as well as for genotyping of ctDNA. The results obtained illustrate the current variability in multiple phases of cfDNA processing and analysis of ctDNA, resulting in an overall error rate of 6.09%. Therefore, there is an urgent need for harmonization of procedures in this new diagnostic field.

12:50 Enjoy Lunch on Your Own

NOVEL APPROACHES FOR BIOFLUIDS, RNA, AND METHYLATED DNA

13:50 Chairperson’s Remarks

Verena Haselmann, MD, Physician, Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Germany

14:00 RNA vs. DNA: Pre-Analytical Steps

Jo_VandesompeleJo Vandesompele, PhD, Professor, Functional Cancer Genomics and Applied Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Belgium

We are examining the effects of blood collection tubes, extraction kits, and time and how they influence the transcriptome of RNA. The goal of this study is to create standardisation and reproducibility.


14:30 Circulating Biomarkers and Exosomes in Salivary Diagnostics

Christa_NoehammerChrista Noehammer, PhD, Senior Scientist, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Austria

Our current focus is to investigate saliva for its suitability for any type of circulating biomarker diagnostics. Along these lines we will present proof of concept data for salivary DNA-methylation - and autoantibody-based biomarkers in a breast cancer patient cohort.


15:00 Methodological Aspects of Analyses of Mutated vs. Methylated Circulating Cell-Free DNA

Rikke_Fredslund_AndersenRikke Fredslund Andersen, PhD, Molecular Biologist, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Denmark

Tumor-specific methylations in circulating cell-free DNA have potential to become clinically applicable markers to monitor cancer patients. A few markers can potentially substitute mutational analyses where large numbers of markers are needed to cover all patients. Methodological aspects of these analyses will be discussed as well as comparisons with mutation analyses in plasma.


15:30 SELECTED POSTER PRESENTATION: Simple, Multiplexed, PCR-Based Barcoding of DNA for Sensitive Mutation Detection Using Sequencing

Stefan Filges, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg

16:00 Refreshment Break in the Foyer

16:20 Identification of Tissue-Specific Cell Death Using Methylation Patterns of Circulating DNA

Ruth_ShemerRuth Shemer, PhD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University, Israel

Cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) is emerging as a powerful biomarker, however its utility is limited to cases where the tissue of interest differs genetically from the host. Here we present an approach to identify the tissue origins of cfDNA, based on tissue/cell-specific methylation pattern. We used this approach to determine the source-tissue distribution in a serum sample of patients with various diseases including cancer.

16:50 Peripheral Monitoring of Neurodegeneration Using cfDNA Methylation

Zac_ChattertonZac Chatterton, PhD, Lecturer, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia

Neurodegeneration occurs in a variety of human diseases however molecular profiling of the brain is restrictive. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) derived from neurological tissue holds great potential for neurodegenerative detection and monitoring. Within our lab we exploit the unique DNA methylation profiles of brain cells to create molecular diagnostic assays capable of detecting peripheral neurological cell free DNA.


17:20 Close of Conference